Background research is essential preparation for conducting oral history interviews. It ensures the interviewer is not only familiar with the narrator (interviewee) but also the subject matter prior to the recorded interview. Researching subject matter ahead of time provides the appropriate context for the cultural and/or historical significance of the interview, informs the interview questions, and shapes the tone of the conversation.
From the OHA Best Practices: "In preparing to ask informed questions, interviewers should become familiar with the person, topic, and historical context by researching primary and secondary sources, as well as through social engagement with individuals and communities and informal one-on-one interactions."
The Oral History Interview Form is helpful for gathering details before the interview. For example, the interviewer could provide this form to the narrator/interviewee by email or discuss over the phone prior to the interview day.